Inspiration and genius--one and the same.

"The wise man in the storm prays God, not for safety from danger, but for deliverance from fear."
"Happiness is not a destination. It is a method of life."
"I believe God is managing affairs and that He doesn't need any advice from me. With God in charge, I believe everything will work out for the best in the end. So what is there to worry about."
"We shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end. We shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and the oceans, we shall fight with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our island, whatever the cost may be. We shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender."

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Standard and Formatted Input / Output in C++

The C++ standard libraries provide an extensive set of input/output capabilities which we will see in subsequent chapters. This chapter will discuss very basic and most common I/O operations required for C++ programming. C++ I/O occurs in streams, which are sequences of bytes. If bytes flow from a device like a keyboard, a disk drive, or a network connection etc. to main memory, this is called input operation and if bytes flow from main memory to a device like a display screen, a printer, a disk drive, or a network connection, etc., this is called output operation . Standard Input and Output in C++ is done through the use of streams . Streams are generic places to send or receive data. In C++, I/O is done through classes and objects defined in the header file <iostream> . iostream stands for standard input-output stream. This header file contains definitions to objects like cin , cout , etc. /O Library Header Files There are...

Genetic Algorithm: Population, Fitness Function, Parent Selection, Cross over, Mutation

Genetic Algo Population Population is a subset of solutions in the current generation. It can also be defined as a set of chromosomes. There are several things to be kept in mind when dealing with GA population − The diversity of the population should be maintained otherwise it might lead to premature convergence. The population size should not be kept very large as it can cause a GA to slow down, while a smaller population might not be enough for a good mating pool. Therefore, an optimal population size needs to be decided by trial and error. The population is usually defined as a two dimensional array of – size population, size x, chromosome size . Population Initialization There are two primary methods to initialize a population in a GA. They are − Random Initialization − Populate the initial population with completely random solutions. Heuristic initialization − Populate the initial population using a known heuristic for the problem. It has been observed that the e...

C++ (Object and Class)

The major purpose of C++ programming is to introduce the concept of object orientation to the C programming language. Object Oriented Programming is a paradigm that provides many concepts such as inheritance, data binding, polymorphism etc. The programming paradigm where everything is represented as an object is known as truly object-oriented programming language. Smalltalk is considered as the first truly object-oriented programming language. OOPs (Object Oriented Programming System) Object means a real word entity such as pen, chair, table etc. Object-Oriented Programming is a methodology or paradigm to design a program using classes and objects. It simplifies the software development and maintenance by providing some concepts: Object Class Inheritance Polymorphism Abstraction Encapsulation C++ Object In C++, Object is a real world entity, for example, chair, car, pen, mobile, laptop etc. In other words, object is an ent...

Anurag RANA

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